الكلمات العربية في اللغة الإنجليزية

**د. عبد الله بن محمود** · 16/May/2010, 07:37 PM

الباحث: أ/ محمد علي محمد قرابش

الدرجة العلمية: ماجستير

تاريخ الإقرار: 2004م

نوع الدراسة: رسالة جامعية

ABSTRACT
This work is an attempt to indicate that English borrowed a lot of words from Arabic, as is common to all languages which cannot prevent words from coming into it. This is because of contact between cultures and societies which in turn leads to borrowing between languages.
This dissertation consists of five chapters. Chapter One gives a short summary about the history of English. It also brings out the development and contact of Arabic with other languages during the spread of Islam. A general survey of the Arabic loanwords in English and some of their linguistic changes has been discussed in this chapter.
During the middle ages and the Renaissance, English speakers came into contact with the prestigious intellectual centres of the Arab world. This, of course, led to the flow of borrowings from Arabic into English, primarily in the field of chemistry, medicine, philosophy, mathematics, astronomy, optics, physics, botany, literature, religion, music, warfare, industry, trade, architecture, geography, government and sovereignty.
Not only that English has historically been open to linguistic borrowings; from Celtic during the Anglo-Saxon settlement of England in the 5th century A.D. to the flood of French borrowings under the Norman rule. Since that time, English has borrowed intensively from many different languages, largely because the British Empire was so wide spread. As a result, approximately sixty percent of English lexicon stems from borrowings, including Arabic borrowings.
The second chapter examines some of the phonological changes that the Arabic loanwords underwent when coming into English. It shows that the native speakers of English used various strategies in borrowing these words, adopting and then adapting them to conform more closely to their own phonological systems, and some times creating a new word through loan translation.
Chapter Three is a discussion of some morphological changes that affected the Arabic loanwords when borrowing from Arabic into English. It focuses on the changes that affected the final endings, the prefixes (such as the prefix ‘al’), and the suffixes of these words.
Chapter four deals with some of the semantic variations that influenced the loanwords when borrowing form Arabic into English. These changes led to the changes of meaning, form, and in some cases, into the multiplicity of meaning. In this chapter also some other notions have been taken into account as the expansion, specialization, amelioration and degeneration of meanings. In addition, the shift of meaning that these words underwent has been dealt with.
The last chapter (Chapter Five) summarizes and interrelates observations and notes discussed in the previous chapters. It comes to tell us that when borrowing words from Arabic, English is likely to adopt Arabic words outright, sometimes preserving the original sounds, forms and/or meanings, and sometimes to adapt certain Arabic sounds, forms and/or meanings by replacing them with similar English sounds, forms and/or meanings.
These five chapters have been followed by :
I. An appendix of the taxonomy of the Arabic loanwords in English categorized according to their domains.
II. The bibliographical list of references and books consulted for the purpose of this thesis.

[فقط الأعضاء المسجلين يمكنهم رؤية الروابط. ]
منتدى الإيوان اللغوي
[فقط الأعضاء المسجلين يمكنهم رؤية الروابط. ]

16/May/2010, 07:37 PM	#1 (permalink)
د. عبد الله بن محمود عضو اللجنة الاستشارية للمنتدى تاريخ التسجيل: Jan 2009 المشاركات: 457 Thanks: 102 Thanked 85 Times in 44 Posts معدل تقييم المستوى: 4	الكلمات العربية في اللغة الإنجليزية الباحث: أ/ محمد علي محمد قرابشالدرجة العلمية: ماجستيرتاريخ الإقرار: 2004منوع الدراسة: رسالة جامعية ABSTRACT This work is an attempt to indicate that English borrowed a lot of words from Arabic, as is common to all languages which cannot prevent words from coming into it. This is because of contact between cultures and societies which in turn leads to borrowing between languages. This dissertation consists of five chapters. Chapter One gives a short summary about the history of English. It also brings out the development and contact of Arabic with other languages during the spread of Islam. A general survey of the Arabic loanwords in English and some of their linguistic changes has been discussed in this chapter. During the middle ages and the Renaissance, English speakers came into contact with the prestigious intellectual centres of the Arab world. This, of course, led to the flow of borrowings from Arabic into English, primarily in the field of chemistry, medicine, philosophy, mathematics, astronomy, optics, physics, botany, literature, religion, music, warfare, industry, trade, architecture, geography, government and sovereignty. Not only that English has historically been open to linguistic borrowings; from Celtic during the Anglo-Saxon settlement of England in the 5th century A.D. to the flood of French borrowings under the Norman rule. Since that time, English has borrowed intensively from many different languages, largely because the British Empire was so wide spread. As a result, approximately sixty percent of English lexicon stems from borrowings, including Arabic borrowings. The second chapter examines some of the phonological changes that the Arabic loanwords underwent when coming into English. It shows that the native speakers of English used various strategies in borrowing these words, adopting and then adapting them to conform more closely to their own phonological systems, and some times creating a new word through loan translation. Chapter Three is a discussion of some morphological changes that affected the Arabic loanwords when borrowing from Arabic into English. It focuses on the changes that affected the final endings, the prefixes (such as the prefix ‘al’), and the suffixes of these words. Chapter four deals with some of the semantic variations that influenced the loanwords when borrowing form Arabic into English. These changes led to the changes of meaning, form, and in some cases, into the multiplicity of meaning. In this chapter also some other notions have been taken into account as the expansion, specialization, amelioration and degeneration of meanings. In addition, the shift of meaning that these words underwent has been dealt with. The last chapter (Chapter Five) summarizes and interrelates observations and notes discussed in the previous chapters. It comes to tell us that when borrowing words from Arabic, English is likely to adopt Arabic words outright, sometimes preserving the original sounds, forms and/or meanings, and sometimes to adapt certain Arabic sounds, forms and/or meanings by replacing them with similar English sounds, forms and/or meanings. These five chapters have been followed by : I. An appendix of the taxonomy of the Arabic loanwords in English categorized according to their domains. II. The bibliographical list of references and books consulted for the purpose of this thesis. [فقط الأعضاء المسجلين يمكنهم رؤية الروابط. ] منتدى الإيوان اللغوي [فقط الأعضاء المسجلين يمكنهم رؤية الروابط. ] آخر تعديل بواسطة د. عبد الله بن محمود ، 18/May/2010 الساعة 03:53 AM

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